Whitening composition including novel kaempferol-based compound derived from post-fermented tea

ABSTRACT

The present specification relates to a whitening composition including a novel compound isolated from a post-fermented tea, an isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof, and may be widely used in various areas related to skin whitening and skin care.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a National Stage Application of International Application No. PCT/KR2018/006609, filed Jun. 11, 2018, which claims benefit of Serial No. 10-2017-0073318, filed Jun. 12, 2017 in the Republic of Korea and which applications are incorporated herein by reference. To the extent appropriate, a claim of priority is made to each of the above disclosed applications.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present specification relates to a whitening composition including a novel kaempferol-based compound.

BACKGROUND ART

Recently, consumers' interest in whitening is increasing due to the increase in ultraviolet rays caused by environmental pollution or destruction of the ozone layer. However, as a great deal of side effects and hypersensitivity reactions to chemical synthetic cosmetics prepared with artificial compounds have been reported, attempts have been actively made to obtain raw materials for cosmetics from natural substances. Kojic acid, arbutin or its derivatives, which have been identified to date, have not been sufficiently used as raw materials for cosmetics because they have deficiencies in safety or stability or their whitening effect is not sufficient when actually mixed as raw materials for cosmetics. Accordingly, studies to find the whitening active ingredients in natural substances have been continuously conducted, and materials that show the inhibition of tyrosinase activity have been found. However, there still remains an issue to be solved, such as issues of stability or appropriate effective concentration.

On the other hand, green tea is drinkable in the form of leaf tea, or fermented tea for a deeper flavor. Fermented green tea means that the green tea leaves are subjected to oxidation treatment, and includes fermented tea oxidized by the oxidase present in the tea leaves, and post-fermented tea fermented by a separate microorganism other than the enzyme present in the tea leaves. Depending on the degree of fermentation, it can be classified into weakly fermented tea, semi-fermented tea, and fully fermented tea. For example, fermented green tea is called by various names, such as green tea, Oolong tea, black tea, pure tea, etc., depending on the type and extent of fermentation.

The fermented tea may not only show a difference in flavor compared to leaf tea, but may also show a big difference in the type and content of active ingredients depending on the specific fermentation process and the type of microorganism. Since various compounds can be produced and separated, various efforts for separating and identifying unknown novel compounds using green tea have been continued.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

[Patent Literature 1] Korean Patent No. 10-0975199

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a novel compound derived from post-fermented tea for whitening use.

Solution to Problem

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a whitening composition including a compound of Formula 1, an optical isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a solvate thereof, or a post-fermented tea extract including the same as an active ingredient.

In Formula 1 above, R₁ may be C₁₅H₉O₆, R₂ may be C₆H₁₁O₅, and R₃ may be C₉H₇O₂.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the composition may be a composition that inhibits one or more of tyrosinase activity and melanin production.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for skin whitening comprising administering a compound of Formula 1, an optical isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a solvate thereof, or a post-fermented tea extract comprising the same to a subject in need thereof.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a use of a compound of Formula 1, an optical isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a solvate thereof, or a post-fermented tea extract comprising the same in manufacture of a composition for skin whitening.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure may provide a compound of Formula 1, an optical isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a solvate thereof, or a post-fermented tea extract comprising the same for use in skin whitening.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

In one aspect, the present disclosure can be widely used in post-fermented tea-related industries, skin care related fields, or the like, by allowing novel compounds isolated from post-fermented tea to be used in whitening fields.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an MS spectrum of the compound according to an aspect of the invention.

FIG. 2 shows a ¹H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectrum of the compound according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 shows a ¹³C-NMR spectrum of the compound according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 shows an ¹H-¹³C HSQC (Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence) spectrum of the compound according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 shows a ¹H-¹³C HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple-Bond Coherence) spectrum of the compound according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in detail.

As used herein, “post-fermentation” includes fermentation by a separate microorganism or substance other than the enzyme present in tea leaves. Post-fermented tea includes green tea fermented by the above method.

As used herein, the term “extract” means a substance obtained by extracting a component contained inside of a natural substance, regardless of the extracted method or ingredients. The term is used in a broad sense including, for example, extracting a component soluble in a solvent from a natural substance using water or an organic solvent, extracting only a specific component of a natural substance such as oil, and fraction that fractionated those thus obtained again by using a specific solvent or the like.

As used herein, “fractions” include those obtained by fractionating a specific substance or extract using a certain solvent or those left after fractionating, and extracting them again with a specific solvent. Fractional methods and extraction methods may be any method known to those skilled in the art.

As used herein, “isomers” include, in particular, not only optical isomers (e.g., essentially pure enantiomers, essentially pure diastereomers or mixtures thereof), but also conformation isomers (i.e., isomers that differ only in their angles of one or more chemical bonds), position isomers (especially tautomers) or geometric isomers (e.g., cis-trans isomers).

As used herein, the term “essentially pure” means that a specific compound, for example enantiomers or diastereomers, when used in connection with an enantiomer or diastereomer, is present in an amount of at least about 90%, preferably at least about 95%, more preferably at least about 97% or at least about 98%, even more preferably at least about 99%, and even more further preferably at least about 99.5% (w/w).

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable” refers to those that can be approved or approved by the government or equivalent regulatory agencies for use in animals, more specifically in humans, by avoiding significant toxic effects when used in conventional medicinal dosage, or those recognized as being listed in the pharmacopoeia or described in other general pharmacopoeia.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to a salt according to one aspect of the present disclosure that is pharmaceutically acceptable and possesses the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. The salts include (1) acid addition salts, formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, or the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl) benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-toluenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, 4-methylbicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid, or the like; or (2) salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound is substituted.

As used herein, the term “hydrate” refers to a compound to which water is bound, and is a broad concept including an inclusion compound having no chemical bonding force between water and the compound.

As used herein, the term “solvate” refers to a compound of higher order produced between molecules or ions of a solute and molecules or ions of a solvent.

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a composition for skin whitening including a compound of following Formula 1, an optical isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a solvate thereof, or a post-fermented tea extract comprising the same as an active ingredient.

In Formula 1 above, R₁ may be C₁₅H₉O₆, R₂ may be C₆H₁₁O₅, and R₃ may be C₉H₇O₂.

In one embodiment, R₁ may be a compound of following Formula 2.

In another embodiment, R₂ may be a compound of following Formula 3.

R₃ may be a compound of following Formula 4.

In another embodiment, the compound may be kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside]). The compound may be represented by the following Formula 5.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for preparing the compounds, isomers thereof, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, hydrates thereof or solvates thereof may include synthesis, separation from natural substances, or the like.

According to another embodiment, the post fermentation may be by strain inoculation, and the strain may be selected from Saccharomyces sp., Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., and Leuconostoc mesenteroides sp., and may preferably be selected from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus subtlis, Lactobacillus bulgarius and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. According to another embodiment, the post-fermented tea may be post-fermented green tea.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, the compound is a compound discovered by the present inventors after the continuous studies of the post-fermented tea, and it was confirmed that the compound is effective in inhibiting one or more of tyrosinase activity and melanin production. Accordingly, it has been demonstrated that the compound can be used for the purpose of skin whitening or skin care using the compound according to one aspect of the present disclosure (see Examples 1 and 2).

Melanin is found in the outer feathers, skin, head, eyes, etc. of animals. When melanin is overproduced, it is deposited on the skin to form spots and freckles, promote skin aging, and may even cause skin cancer. The diseases or symptoms caused by overproduction of melanin may be one or more selected from the group consisting of spots, freckles, age spots, blemishes, epidermal melanocytic lesion, cafe's au lait macules, birthmarks, Becker's nevus, nevus spilus, lentigines, lentigos, dermal melanocytic lesions, mongolian spot, nevus of Ota, acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules, nevus of Ito, blue nevus, melanocytic nevus, junctional nevus, compound nevus, intradermal nevus, halo nevus, congenital nevocytic nevus, Spitz nevus, dysplastic nevus, melanoma, lentigo maligna melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, nodular melanoma, pigment basal cell carcinoma, dermatofibromas, dermoid cyst, keloid, ultraviolet radiation-induced pigmentation (especially melanin), drug-induced pigmentation (especially melanin), pigmentation following inflammation (especially melanin), pigmentation caused by dermatitis (especially melanin) and keratoacanthomas.

Since the compound according to one aspect of the present disclosure is effective in inhibiting one or more of tyrosinase activity and melanin production, the compound may also be used for the purpose of preventing, treating and improving diseases or symptoms caused by the melanin deposition and overproduction (see Experimental Examples 1 and 2).

In one embodiment, the extraction may be extraction by one or more solvents selected from water, hydrothermal water, lower alcohols of C₁ to C₆, and mixed solvents thereof, and in another embodiment, the lower alcohol may be an alcohol alone or a mixture which can be generally used in the art, and may preferably be ethanol.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the extract may be a fraction fractionated with ketones after extraction.

In another embodiment, examples of the ketones include acetone, carvon, pulegone, isolongifolanone, 2-heptanone, 2-pentanone, 3-hexanone, 3-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 2-octanone, 3-octanone, 2-nonanone, 3-nonanone, 2-undecanone, 2-tridecanone, methyl isopropyl ketone, ethyl isoamyl ketone, butylidene acetone, methylheptenone, dimethyl octenone, geranyl acetone, farnesyl acetone, 2,3-pentadione, 2,3-hexadione, 3,4-hexadione, 2,3-heptadione, amylcyclopentanone, amylcyclopentenone, 2-cyclopentyl cyclopentanone, hexylcyclopentanone, 2-n-heptylcyclopentanone, cis-jasmon, dihydrojasmon, methylcorylone, 2-tert-butylcyclohexanone, p-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 2-sec-butylcyclohexanone, celery ketone, krypton, p-tert-pentylcyclohexanone, methylcyclocitron, neron, 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-2-pentanone, oxide ketone, emoxyprone, methylnaphthyl ketone, α-methylanisal acetone, anisyl acetone, p-methoxy phenyl acetone, benzylidene acetone, p-methoxyacetophenone, p-methylacetophenone, propiophenone, acetophenone, α-dynascone, lritone, ionone, pseudoionone, methylionone, methyl lritone, 2,4-di-tert-butylcyclohexanone, allylionone, 2-acetyl-3,3-dimethylnorbornane, verbenone, fenchon, cyclopentadecanone, cyclohexadecenone, or the like, may include both ketones and mixtures thereof as solvents that can be generally used in the art, and may preferably be acetone.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the content of the compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof in the composition may be 0.00001% to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The content may be at least 0.00001% by weight, at least 0.00005% by weight, at least 0.0001% by weight, at least 0.0005% by weight, at least 0.001% by weight, at least 0.005% by weight, at least 0.01% by weight, at least 0.05% by weight, at least 0.1% by weight, at least 0.5% by weight, at least 1% by weight, at least 2% by weight, at least 3% by weight, at least 4% by weight, at least 5% by weight, at least 6% by weight, at least 7% by weight, at least 8% by weight, or at least 9% by weight. In addition, the content may be 10% or less by weight, 9% or less by weight, 8% or less by weight, 7% or less by weight, 6% or less by weight, 5% or less by weight, 4% or less by weight, 3% or less by weight, 2% or less by weight, 1% or less by weight, 0.5% or less by weight, 0.1% or less by weight, 0.05% or less by weight, 0.01% or less by weight, 0.005% or less by weight, 0.001% or less by weight, 0.0005% or less by weight, 0.0001% or less by weight, 0.00005% or less by weight, or 0.00003% or less by weight.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the content of the post-fermented tea extract in the composition may be 0.1% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The content may be at least 0.1% by weight, at least 1% by weight, at least 5% by weight, at least 10% by weight, at least 15% by weight, at least 20% by weight, at least 25% by weight, at least 30% by weight, at least 35% by weight, at least 40% by weight, at least 45% by weight, at least 50% by weight, at least 55% by weight, at least 60% by weight, at least 65% by weight, at least 70% by weight, at least 75% by weight, at least 80% by weight, or at least 85% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. In addition, the content may be 90% or less by weight, 85% or less by weight, 80% or less by weight, 75% or less by weight, 70% or less by weight, 65% or less by weight, 60% or less by weight, 55% or less by weight, 50% or less by weight, 45% or less by weight, 40% or less by weight, 35% or less by weight, 30% or less by weight, 25% or less by weight, 20% or less by weight, 15% or less by weight, 10% or less by weight, 5% or less by weight, 1% or less by weight, or 0.5% or less by weight.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the extract may contain the compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof in an amount of at least 0.00001% by weight, at least 0.00005% by weight, at least 0.0001% by weight, at least 0.0005% by weight, at least 0.001% by weight, at least 0.005% by weight, at least 0.01% by weight, at least 0.05% by weight, at least 0.1% by weight, at least 0.5% by weight, at least 1% by weight, at least 3% by weight, at least 5% by weight, at least 7% by weight, at least 10% by weight, at least 12% by weight, at least 15% by weight, or at least 18% by weight based on the total weight of the extract. In addition, the content may be 20% or less by weight, 15% or less by weight, 12% or less by weight, 10% or less by weight, 7% or less by weight, 5% or less by weight, 3% or less by weight, 1% or less by weight, 0.5% or less by weight, 0.1% or less by weight, 0.05% or less by weight, 0.01% or less by weight, 0.005% or less by weight, 0.001% or less by weight, 0.0005% or less by weight, 0.0003% or less by weight, 0.00005% or less by weight, or 0.00003% or less by weight. Preferably, the extract may contain 0.00001% to 20% by weight of the compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof based on the total weight of the extract.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the dosage of the compound of Formula 1, an isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof by administration of the composition may be 0.00001 mg/kg/day to 100 mg/kg/day. The dosage may be at least 0.00001 mg/kg/day, at least 0.0001 mg/kg/day, at least 0.001 mg/kg/day, at least 0.005 mg/kg/day, at least 0.01 mg/kg/day, 0.05 mg/kg/day, at least 0.1 mg/kg/day, at least 0.5 mg/kg/day, at least 1 mg/kg/day, at least 5 mg/kg/day, at least 10 mg/kg/day, at least 15 mg/kg/day, at least 20 mg/kg/day, at least 25 mg/kg/day, at least 30 mg/kg/day, at least 35 mg/kg/day, at least 40 mg/kg/day, at least 45 mg/kg/day, at least 50 mg/kg/day, at least 55 mg/kg/day, at least 60 mg/kg/day, at least 65 mg/kg/day, at least 7 mg/kg/day, at least 75 mg/kg/day, at least 80 mg/kg/day, at least 85 mg/kg/day, at least 90 mg/kg/day, or at least 95 mg/kg/day. In addition, the dosage may be 100 mg/kg/day or less, 95 mg/kg/day or less, 90 mg/kg/day or less, 85 mg/kg/day or less, 80 mg/kg/day or less, 75 mg/kg/day or less, 70 mg/kg/day or less, 65 mg/kg/day or less, 60 mg/kg/day or less, 55 mg/kg/day or less, 50 mg/kg/day or less, 45 mg/kg/day or less, 40 mg/kg/day or less, 35 mg/kg/day or less, 30 mg/kg/day or less, 25 mg/kg/day or less, 20 mg/kg/day or less, 15 mg/kg/day or less, 10 mg/kg/day or less, 5 mg/kg/day or less, 1 mg/kg/day or less, 0.5 mg/kg/day or less, 0.1 mg/kg/day or less, 0.05 mg/kg/day or less, 0.01 mg/kg/day or less, 0.005 mg/kg/day or less, 0.003 mg/kg/day or less, 0.001 mg/kg/day or less, 0.0005 mg/kg/day or less, 0.0001 mg/kg/day or less, 0.00005 mg/kg/day or less.

According to another aspect of the invention, the composition may be a food composition, a cosmetic composition, or a pharmaceutical composition.

Food composition according to one aspect of the present disclosure may be a health food composition. In the health food composition, the dosage determination of the compound is within the level of those skilled in the art, and may vary depending on a variety of factors including the age, health condition and complications, or the like of the subject to be administered.

The health food composition according to one aspect of the present disclosure may be a health functional food, as well as, for example, may be any form of processed food including various foodstuffs such as chewing gum, caramel product, candy, ice cream, confectionery, breads, or the like, beverages such as soft drinks, mineral water, alcoholic beverages, or the like, and may be functional foodstuffs including vitamins, minerals, or the like.

In addition to the above, the health food composition according to one aspect of the present disclosure may contain various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), flavors such as synthetic flavorings and natural flavorings, colorants and enhancers (cheese, chocolate, or the like), pectic acid and salts thereof, alginic acid and salts thereof, organic acids, protective colloid thickeners, pH adjusting agents, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, and carbonating agents used in carbonated beverages. In addition, the functional food compositions of the present disclosure may contain natural fruit juice and flesh for the production of fruit juice drinks and vegetable drinks. These components may be used independently or in combination. The proportion of such additives is not so critical, but the additives are generally contained in the range of from 0 to about 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the composition according to one aspect of the present disclosure.

The cosmetic composition according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a composition for skin, nails and/or hair, and may have a formulation, for example, softening tonic, astringent tonic, nourishing tonic, nourishing cream, massage cream, eye cream, eye essence, essence, cleansing cream, cleansing lotion, cleansing foam, cleansing water, pack, powder, body lotion, body cream, body essence, body cleanser, hair dye, shampoo, rinse, hair conditioner, hair tonic, ointment, gel, cream, patch, spray and skin adhesive type, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, in each formulation, other ingredients in addition to the above essential ingredients may be appropriately selected and blended by those skilled in the art without difficulties according to the kind or purpose of use of other external preparations.

The cosmetic composition may be provided in any formulation suitable for topical application. For example, it may be provided in forms of a solution, an emulsion obtained by dispersing an oil phase in an aqueous phase, an emulsion obtained by dispersing an aqueous phase in an oil phase, a suspension, a solid, a gel, a powder, a paste, a microneedle, a foam, or an aerosol composition. Compositions of such formulations may be prepared according to the conventional methods in the pertinent field.

The cosmetic composition according to the present specification may further include functional additives and components included in general cosmetic compositions in addition to the compounds, extracts or fractions of the present specification. The functional additive may include the components selected from the group consisting of water-soluble vitamins, oil-soluble vitamins, polymer peptides, polymer polysaccharides, sphingolipids and seaweed extracts. The cosmetic composition according to the present specification may include other components that can give a synergistic effect to the main effect, preferably within a range that does not impair the main effect. In addition, the cosmetic composition according to the present specification may further include a moisturizer, an emollient, a surfactant, a ultraviolet absorbent, a preservative, a bactericide, an antioxidant, a pH adjusting agent, an organic and an inorganic pigment, a perfume, a cooling agent, or a control agent. The blending amount of the components may be easily selected by those skilled in the art within the range that does not impair the purpose and effect of the present specification, and the blending amount may be 0.001% to 10% by weight, specifically 0.01% to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. have.

According to another embodiment, the composition may be a composition for external skin application. The composition for external skin application may be a composition such as cosmetics, mouthwashes, cleaning agents, pharmaceuticals and quasi-drugs, but is not limited thereto. The external preparation for skin is not particularly limited in its formulation.

In addition, the composition for external skin application of the present specification may further include at least one selected from functional salts for a particular purpose and a pH adjusting agent for adjusting pH. In this case, the salt may be selected from inorganic salts, organic salts and/or organic-inorganic salts for ion shielding, moisturizing, UV protection, or the like. For a concrete example, the salt may be selected from sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium phosphate (Na3PO4), calcium chloride (CaCl₂)), or the like. The pH adjusting agent may be selected from the group consisting of acids and bases, for example hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, sodium lactate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, alkyl amines, alkanol amine and ammonia.

The composition for external skin application of the present specification may be a cosmetic, pharmaceutical or quasi-drug composition, wherein the cosmetic, pharmaceutical or quasi-drug composition may additionally contain a preservative, stabilizer, hydrating agents or emulsificant, adjuvant such as salt and/or buffer for controlling osmotic pressure and other therapeutically useful substances. The composition may be formulated into a lotion, cream, ointment, gel, or the like. The composition for external skin application may preferably be administered transdermally.

The dosage of the active ingredient of the pharmaceutical or quasi-drug composition may vary depending on the age, sex, and weight of the subject to be treated, the specific disease or pathology to be treated, the severity of the disease or pathologic state, the route of administration, and the judgment of the prescriber. The determination of dosage based on these factors is within the level of those skilled in the art. In general, the dosage of the active ingredient may range from 0.00001 mg/kg/day to 15 mg/kg/day, but is not limited thereto.

The pharmaceutical composition according to one aspect of the present invention may be administered orally, parenterally, rectally, topically, transdermally, intravenously, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, or the like. Formulations for oral administration may be, but are not limited thereto, tablets, pills, soft and hard capsules, granules, powders, granules, solutions, emulsions or pellets. Formulations for parenteral administration may be, but are not limited to, solutions, suspensions, liquids, emulsions, gels, injections, drops, suppositories, patches or sprays. The formulations can be readily prepared according to conventional methods in the pertinent field, and may additionally contain surfactants, excipients, hydrating agents, emulsificants, suspending agents, salts or buffers for controlling osmotic pressure, colorants, spices, stabilizers, preservatives, preserved agents or other commercially available adjuvants.

The dose or dosage of the pharmaceutical composition according to one aspect of the present invention may vary depending on the age, sex, weight, pathologic state and severity of the subject to be administered, the route of administration or the judgment of the prescriber. The determination of the dose based on these factors is within the level of those skilled in the art.

The formulation of the food composition is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, formulated into tablets, granules, pills, powders, liquids such as drinks, caramels, gels, bars, tea bags, or the like. In addition to the active ingredient, the food composition of each formulation may appropriately select and mix the ingredients that are commonly used in the pertinent field according to the formulation or purpose of use by those skilled in the art without difficulty. Synergistic effects may occur when applied simultaneously with other raw materials.

The composition may be administered by various methods such as simple ingestion, drinking, injection administration, spray administration or squeeze administration, or the like.

Hereinafter, the configuration and effects of the present specification will be described in more detail with reference to the examples, experimental examples, and formulation examples. However, these examples are provided only for the purpose of illustration in order to facilitate understanding of the present specification, and the scope and range of the present specification is not limited by the following examples.

EXAMPLES [Example 1] Preparation of Post Fermented Tea Samples

The water content was adjusted to 40% by weight by adding water to the green tea made from green tea (Camellia sinensis var. Yabukita) leaves. Then 5×10⁶ cfu/g of Bacillus subtillis was seeded, fermented at 50° C. for 3 days, and then fermented at 80° C. for 4 days.

The fermented tea sample was pulverized for 15 seconds and filtered through a stainless steel sieve of mesh size 1 mm. Then, 50 mg of the pulverized sample was added to 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube and 1 ml of deionized water was added and stirred at a constant speed for 30 minutes in a 60° C. constant temperature water bath, followed by centrifugation at 25° C., 13,000 rpm for 15 minutes. Only the portions insoluble in water in the centrifuged fermented green tea extract were separated.

[Example 2] Obtainment of Fractions and Separation of Compounds

150 g of the post-fermented tea sample was fractionated with acetone to remove catechin derivatives and caffeine and to obtain a soluble in which other compounds were concentrated. For 40 g of the acetone solubles, fractions were obtained primarily using a 5:1 (v/v) mixture of chloroform:methanol as a solvent using silica gel column chromatography.

8.9 g of the caffeine-free chloroform:methanol 5:1 (v/v) fraction was fractionated using large capacity high performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC, Dynamic Extractions Ltd, UK). The solvent used then was n-hexane-TBME (Methyl tert-butyl ether)-BuOH-MeCN-Water (0.25:3:1:1:5, v/v), and the flow rate was 25 ml/min. A total of 10 subfractions were divided using the above conditions, and the components contained in each fraction was again separated using small capacity HPCCC (Dynamic Extractions Ltd, UK), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Sephadex LH-20 columns (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences, Sweden), or the like.

As a result, kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], a compound which was not known before, could be separated from the fractions. The structure of each compound was investigated by identifying the structure using ¹H, ¹³C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy), UV (ultraviolet spectroscopy), and ESI-MS (Electro Spray Ionization Mass Spectroscopy). In the case of ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), methanol-d3 was used as a solvent, and Bruker Advance DPX-500 (BRUKER, USA) was used as a device. MS spectra of each compound were analyzed using 6200 Series Accurate-Mass Time-of-Flight (TOF) LC/MS (Agilent, US).

As a result of the analysis, each of the compound is a novel compound which was not known before, and was confirmed as kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside] (‘new material 33’) having a molecular weight of 902.2481 of C₄₂H₄₆O₂₂.

The formula and NMR data of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside] are as follows.

TABLE 1 Position ¹³C-NMR ¹H-NMR 2 161.26 3 135.07 4 179.31 5 161.5 6 99.87 6.17 (H6, brs) 7 165.74 8 94.8 6.35 (H8, brs) 9 158.58 10  105.84  1′ 122.72 2′, 6′ 132.29 7.99 (H2′/H6′, d, J = 8.3 Hz) 3′, 5′ 116.27 6.87 (H3′/H5′, d, J = 8.3 Hz)  4′ 158.69 p-coumaric acid   1″′ 127.3 2″′, 6″′ 131.2 7.45 (H2″′/H6″′, d, J = 8.1 Hz) 3″′, 5″′ 116.82 6.80 (H3″′/H5″′, d, J = 8.1 Hz)   4″′ 161.26   7″′ 115.31 6.35 (H7″′, d, J = 15.7 Hz)   8″′ 146.88 7.67 (H8″′, d, J = 15.7 Hz) C═O 168.79 Glc1  1″ 101.55 5.46 (H1″, d, J = 7.8 Hz)  2″ 74.14 5.34 (H2″, t, J = 9 Hz)  3″ 73.25 3.76 (H3″, d, J = 10.4 Hz)  4″ 70.47 3.85 (H4″, m)  5″ 75.51 3.73 (H5″, m)  6″ 67.54 3.76 (H6″, brd, J = 10.4 Hz) 3.54 (H6″, m) Rha   1″″ 101.85 4.60 (H1″″, brs)   2″″ 71.34 3.95 (2″″, m)   3″″ 83.09 3.61 (H3″″, dd, J = 9, 3 Hz)   4″″ 72.6 3.46 (H4″″, m)   5″″ 69.49 3.54 (H5″″, m)   6″″ 18.08 1.19 (H6″″, d, J = 6 Hz) Glc2  1″″′ 105.74 4.40 (H1″″′, d, J = 7.5 Hz)  2″″′ 75.4 3.25 (H2″″′, m)  3″″′ 77.6 3.36 (H3″″′, m)  4″″′ 70.84 3.36 (H4″″′, m)  5″″′ 77.6 3.25 (H5″″′, m)  6″″′ 62.05 3.71 (H6″″′, m)

The MS spectrum of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside] is as shown in FIG. 1, ¹H-NMR spectrum and ¹³C-NMR spectrum are as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively, HSQC (Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence) spectrum is as shown in FIG. 4, and HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple-Bond Coherence) spectrum is as shown in FIG. 5.

[Experimental Example 1] Evaluation of the Tyrosinase Activity-Inhibitory Effect

The tyrosinase activity-inhibitory effect of new material 33 was evaluated.

Specifically, tyrosinase and tyrosine derived from mushrooms were obtained from Sigma Chemical. Arbutin and new material 33 were treated in different concentrations with 150 μl of 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), 8 μl of mushroom tyrosinase (2,100 unit/ml), and 0.05 M concentration of L-tyrosine, respectively. Tyrosinase activity was assessed by measuring the absorbance at 490 nm using a microplate reader (Bio-Rad 3550, Richmond, Calif., U.S.A.) after an enzyme reaction for 20 minutes at 37° C.

The tyrosinase activity-inhibitory effect (IC₅₀) by each new material 33 was calculated and shown in Table 2 (the control group is a group not treated with new material 33 and arbutin).

TABLE 2 Tyrosinase Activity-Inhibitory Effect of New Material Test materials IC₅₀ (ppm) Control — 33 11 Arbutin 149

[Experimental Example 2] Evaluation of the Melanin Production-Inhibitory Effect

The melanin production-inhibitory effect of new material 33 was measured in comparison with Kojic acid, which is known to have an excellent skin whitening effect.

Specifically, the degree of intracellular melanin production was measured by Dooley's method. The cell line was a Mel-Ab cell line (Falcon, U.S.A.) derived from the skin pigment of C57BL/6. The culture was performed under the condition of 37° C., 5% CO₂ in a DMEM medium containing 10% fetal placental serum, 100 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, and 1 nM Cholera Toxin. The cultured Mel-Ab cells were detached with 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA and seeded again into 24-well culture plates in the same number (1×10⁵ cells/well), and then the test materials were treated by replacing with a medium containing the test materials for two consecutive days from the second day. As test materials, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm and 50 ppm of new material 33, 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm of Kojic acid, and DMSO (control) were used. After 5 days, melanin contained in cells was dissolved by treating with 1N-NaOH, and the amount of melanin was measured by measuring absorbance at 400 nm. The concentration of materials (IC₅₀) needed to reduce melanin production in melanocytes by half was calculated and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

TABLE 3 Melanin Production-Inhibitory Effect of New Materials Test materials IC₅₀ (ppm) Control — 33 15.7 Kojic acid 39.36

[Experimental Example 3] Skin Accumulation Stimulation Experiment

Human repeated insult patch tests (HRIPT) were performed to confirm the skin accumulation stimulation of the kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside] and to calculate the concentration range available for the skin.

Specifically, 15 healthy adult subjects were randomly selected, and the test composition (the skin composition including an emulsifier, a stabilizer, purified water, etc. in addition to the compound) containing 0.5 wt %, 1 wt %, and 3 wt % of the compound was added dropwise by 20 μl per chamber (IQ chamber, Epitest Ltd, Finland). After 24 hours from patching the upper right part of the back of a subject, it was replaced with the new patch. A total of 9 patches were conducted, three times a week for total 3 weeks, in such manner, the skin reactions before and after patch were examined every time, and the skin reactions until 48 hours after removing the final patch were observed, and the average reactivity was observed. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

TABLE 4 Test substance Number of subjects with ±, +, or ++ reactivity and (Unit: person) Average content 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th reactivity Control 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 wt % 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 of new 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 material 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 1 wt % of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 new 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 material 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 3 wt % of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 new 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 material 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 [[Reactivity]] −: negative (no response) ±: doubtful or slight erythema, etc. +: weak reaction (which is accompanied with no phlyctenule), erythema, papule ++: severe reaction (which is accompanied with phlyctenule), erythema, papule, phlyctenule +++: strong reaction, bullae reaction [[Average reactivity equation]] Average Reactivity = [{(total sum of the values obtained by multiplying the number of the examinees who exhibited the reactivity and the reaction index)/(total number of the examinees × highest point (4 point))} × 100]/number of examinations (9 tests). In the equation, if the reactivity is −, the reaction index is 0, if the reactivity is ±, the reaction index is 1, if the reactivity is +, the reaction index is 2, and if the reactivity is ++, the reaction index is 4. When the average reactivity is less than 3, it is considered as a stable composition.

The skin response was determined according to the criteria of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG). ‘New material 33’ in the table above is kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside]. That is, all the substance showed (−) reactivity in the content range (no subject showed ±, +, ++, or +++ reactivity), through which it was confirmed that the substances have no cumulative irritation of the skin and can be used safely on the skin.

Hereinafter, formulation examples of the composition according to an aspect of the present disclosure will be explained, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[Formulation Example 1] Soft Capsule

10 mg of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], 80-140 mg of L-carnitine, 180 mg of soybean oil, 2 mg of palm oil, 8 mg of vegetable hardened oil, 4 mg of yellow wax and 6 mg of lecithin were mixed and filled in one capsule according to a conventional method to prepare a soft capsule.

[Formulation Example 2] Tablet

10 mg of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], 200 mg of galactooligosaccharide, 60 mg of lactose, and 140 mg of maltose were mixed and granulated using a fluidized bed dryer, then 6 mg of sugar ester was added, and tableted with tablet machine to prepare a tablet.

[Formulation Example 3] Granule

5 mg of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], 250 mg of anhydrous crystalline glucose and 550 mg of starch were mixed, molded into granules using a fluidized bed granulator, and then filled into pouch to prepare a granule.

[Formulation Example 4] Drink

2 mg of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], 10 g of glucose, 0.6 g of citric acid, and 25 g of liquid oligosaccharides were mixed, and then 300 ml of purified water was added. Each bottle was filled with 200 ml. After the bottle was filled, they were sterilized at 130° C. for 4-5 seconds to prepare a drink.

[Formulation Example 5] Injection

20 mg of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], a suitable amount of sterile distilled water for injection, and a suitable amount of a pH adjusting agent were used to prepare an injection in a conventional method.

[Formulation Example 6] Health Food

The health food was prepared in a conventional method according to the composition shown in Table 5 below.

TABLE 5 Components Contents Kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D- 0.5 mg glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside] Vitamin mixture Vitamin A acetate 70 μg Vitamin E 1.0 mg Vitamin B1 0.13 mg Vitamin B2 0.15 mg Vitamin B6 0.5 mg Vitamin B12 0.2 μg Vitamin C 10 mg Biotin 10 μg Nicotinic acid amide 1.7 mg Folic acid 50 μg calcium pantothenate 0.5 mg Mineral mixture ferrous sulfate 1.75 mg zinc oxide 0.82 mg Magnesium carbonate 25.3 mg Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15 mg Dibasic calcium phosphate 55 mg Potassium citrate 90 mg Calcium carbonate 100 mg Magnesium chloride 24.8 mg

Although the composition ratio of the vitamin and inorganic mixture was obtained by a mixed composition using the components that are relatively suitable for health foods, the compounding ratio may be arbitrarily modified. The above ingredients may be mixed according to the conventional method for preparing health foods, and then may be used for preparing a health food composition according to the conventional method.

[Formulation Example 7] Health Drink

TABLE 6 Components Contents Kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D- 2 mg glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O- beta-D-glucopyranoside] Citric acid 1000 mg Oligosaccharide 100 g Plum concentrate 2 g Taurine 1 g Purified water balance Total volume 900 Ml

As shown in Table 6 above, the balance of purified water was added to make a total volume of 900 ml, and the above components were mixed according to the conventional method for preparing a healthy beverage. The mixture was stirred and heated at 85° C. for about 1 hour, and then the resulting solution was filtered, obtained in a sterilized 2 liter container, sterilized and sealed, and then refrigerated to prepare a health drink.

[Formulation Example 8] Softening Tonic (Skin Lotion)

0.2 wt % of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], 1.00 wt % of L-ascorbic acid-2-magnesium phosphate salt, 5.00 wt % of water-soluble collagen (1% aqueous solution), 0.10 wt % of sodium citrate, 0.05 wt % of citric acid, 0.20 wt % of licorice extract, 3.00 wt % of 1,3-butylene glycol, and the residual quantity of purified water were used to prepare softening tonic (skin lotion).

[Formulation Example 9] Cream Formulation

0.2 wt % of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], 2.00 wt % of polyethyleneglycol monostearate, 5.00 wt % of self-emulsifying glycerin monostearate, 4.00 wt % of propylene glycol, 6.00 wt % of squalene, 6.00 wt % of tri2-ethylhexaneglyceryl, 1.00 wt % of sphingoglycolipid, 7.00 wt % of 1,3-butylene glycol, 5.00 wt % of beeswax, and the balance of purified water were used to prepare a cream preparation.

[Formulation Example 10] Pack

0.2 wt % of kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], 21.00 wt % of polyvinyl alcohol, 3.00 wt % of L-ascorbic acid-2-magnesium phosphate, 5.00 wt % of lauroylhydroxyproline, 8.00 wt % of water-soluble collagen (1% aqueous solution), 7.00 wt % of 1,3-butylene glycol, 7.00 wt % of ethanol, and the balance of purified water were used to prepare a composition and then to prepare a pack.

From the foregoing, the present disclosure has been described with reference to the specific embodiments of the present specification, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific techniques are only preferred embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present specification. Accordingly, the substantial scope of the present specification will be defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method for skin whitening comprising administering a compound of following Formula 1, an optical isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a solvate thereof, or a post-fermented tea extract comprising the same to a subject in need thereof:

(In Formula 1 above, R₁ is C₁₅H₉O₆, R₂ is C₆H₁₁O₅, and R₃ is C₉H₇O₂).
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the R₁ is represented by following Formula 2:


3. The method of claim 1, wherein the R₂ is represented by following Formula 3:


4. The method of claim 1, wherein the R₃ is represented by following Formula 4:


5. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is kaempferol3-O-[2-O″-(E)-p-coumaroyl][beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside].
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of Formula 1, the optical isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydrate thereof, the solvate thereof, or the post-fermented tea extract comprising the same inhibits one or more of tyrosinase activity and melanin production.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of Formula 1, the optical isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydrate thereof, the solvate thereof, or the post-fermented tea extract comprising the same prevents, improves or treats one or more selected from the group consisting of spots, freckles, lentigos, birthmarks, melanomas, ultraviolet radiation-induced pigmentation, drug-induced pigmentation, pigmentation following inflammation and pigmentation caused by dermatitis.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the post-fermented tea extract is obtained by extraction by one or more solvents selected from hydrothermal water, lower alcohols of C₁ to C₆, and mixed solvents thereof.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the lower alcohol is ethanol.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the extract is a fraction fractionated with ketones after extraction.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the ketone is acetone.
 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of Formula 1, the optical isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydrate thereof, or the solvate thereof is administered in form of a composition, and wherein the content of the compound of Formula 1, the optical isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydrate thereof, or the solvate thereof in the composition is 0.00001% to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the post-fermented tea extract is administered in form of a composition, and wherein the content of the post-fermented tea extract in the composition is 0.1% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the extract comprises the compound of Formula 1, the optical isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydrate thereof, or the solvate thereof in an amount of 0.00001% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the extract.
 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the dosage of the compound of Formula 1, the isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydrate thereof, or the solvate thereof is 0.00001 mg/kg/day to 100 mg/kg/day.
 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of Formula 1, the optical isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydrate thereof, the solvate thereof, or the post-fermented tea extract comprising the same is administered in form of a composition, and wherein the composition is a food composition, a cosmetic composition, or a pharmaceutical composition. 